An automatic watch, also known as a self-winding watch, is a type of mechanical timepiece that harnesses the natural motion of the wearer's wrist to wind the mainspring, eliminating the need for manual winding. This innovative mechanism was developed to enhance the convenience and accuracy of traditional mechanical watches. The core component of an automatic watch is the rotor, a semi-circular piece of metal that pivots freely within the watch case. As the wearer moves, the rotor spins, transferring energy to the mainspring through a series of gears. This stored energy is then gradually released to power the watch's movement, driving the hands and other complications.

Automatic watches are prized for their craftsmanship and engineering, often featuring intricate designs visible through transparent case backs. They are considered a blend of art and science, showcasing the skill of watchmakers in creating precise and reliable movements. Unlike quartz watches, which rely on batteries, automatic watches are appreciated for their longevity and the tactile connection they offer to the wearer. Collectors and enthusiasts value them for their heritage, mechanical complexity, and the subtle interaction between human activity and timekeeping. Regular wear is essential to maintain their operation, although many models also allow for manual winding to keep them running when not in use.