An escapement is a crucial component in mechanical watches and clocks, responsible for regulating the release of energy from the timekeeping element, typically a mainspring, to the gear train. It serves as the interface between the power source and the time display, ensuring that the energy is released in controlled, periodic intervals. This mechanism is essential for maintaining accurate timekeeping by converting the continuous energy from the mainspring into discrete, equal impulses that drive the oscillation of the balance wheel or pendulum.

The escapement consists of several key parts, including the escape wheel, pallet fork, and balance wheel. The escape wheel is driven by the gear train and interacts with the pallet fork, which alternately locks and releases the wheel's teeth. This interaction allows the balance wheel to oscillate back and forth, creating a steady tick-tock sound characteristic of mechanical timepieces. The precision and craftsmanship involved in designing and assembling an escapement are vital for the overall accuracy and reliability of a watch.

Various types of escapements exist, such as the lever escapement, which is the most common in modern watches, and the detent escapement, often used in marine chronometers. Each type offers unique advantages in terms of efficiency, durability, and precision.